Spójniki są niezbędnym elementem, gdy chcemy by nasza wypowiedź była jasna i klarowna.
Można je podzielić na
kilka grup:
1.
Dodawanie do głównej myśli
and, | as well as |
besides | Moreover, |
Furthermore, | What is more, |
In addition, | not only .... but also |
2.
Zdania względne
who | where |
that | which |
whose | to whom |
when | what |
why | |
3.
Porównywanie
but | However, |
Although | despite |
In spite of | Nevertheless, |
On the contrary, | on the one hand |
on the other hand, | whereas |
whilebut | while |
In contrast, | Neither...nor |
4.
Wyrażanie powodu
because | as |
since | This is why |
because of | Due to |
Owing to | For this reason, |
5.
Wyrażanie rezultatu
so | so....that |
such a...that | Therefore |
Thus | Consequently, |
As a result, | too...for/to |
not enough...for/to | |
6.
Narracja
First (of all) | At first |
At the beginning | In the beginning |
then | next |
Before | After |
After that | afterwards |
When | While |
during | Soon |
prior to | immediately |
Once | Suddenly |
As soon as | on |
No sooner....than | Hardly...when |
Finally | Eventually |
At the end | In the end |
At last | To begin with, |
until | |
7.
Wyrażanie celu
to | so as to |
in order that | so that |
for (Non-specific) | |
8.
Wyrażanie opinii
I would say that | In my opinion, |
I think (that) | I believe (that) |
Personally | Apparently, |
9.
Podawanie przykładów
for example, | for instance, |
For one thing, | this includes |
such as e.g.. (for example) | i.e. (that is) |
10.
Podsumowanie
All in all | overall |
generally | In conclusion, |
on the whole | in the main |
To sum up, | |
11.
Podkreślanie czegoś
especially | particularly |
Naturally, | exactly because |
above all | Whatever |
Whenever | too / enough |
The more .... | |